On May 11, 2012, CMS published a proposed rule to implement an ACA provision to temporarily increase Medicaid rates for primary care services to Medicare levels, increasing payments by a total of approximately $11 billion. Specifically, the rule would require Medicaid to reimburse family medicine, general internal medicine, pediatric medicine, and related subspecialists for primary care services at Medicare levels in CY 2013 and CY 2014. States will receive 100% FFP for the difference between the Medicaid State plan payment amount as of July 1, 2009 and the applicable Medicare rate; in other words, no state matching funds are required. Among other things, the rule specifies which services and types of physicians qualify for the minimum payment level, the method for calculating the payment amounts, and how this policy applies to the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program. The policy is intended to help states bolster their primary care networks in anticipation of increased enrollment under the ACA health insurance reforms. Comments on the rule will be accepted until June 11, 2012.