On May 1, 2009, the FDA is holding a public meeting regarding economically motivated adulteration (EMA), which FDA defines as the fraudulent, intentional substitution or addition of a substance in a product for the purpose of increasing the apparent value of the product or reducing the cost of its production (i.e., for economic gain). EMA includes dilution of products with increased quantities of an already-present substance (e.g., increasing inactive ingredients of a drug with a resulting reduction in strength of the finished product) to the extent that such dilution poses a known or possible health risk to consumers, as well as the addition or substitution of substances in order to mask dilution. Several recent incidents involving FDA-regulated products (heparin, glycerin, infant formula, and pet food), are suspected to be examples of EMA. The purpose of the meeting is to stimulate discussion about ways in which the food (including dietary supplements and animal food), drug, medical device, and cosmetic industries, regulatory agencies, and other parties can better predict and prevent EMA, with a focus on situations that pose the greatest public health risk. The agency also invites written comments on this issue; the comment deadline is August 1, 2009.