On December 3, 2008, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) published a final rule to provide states with increased flexibility under an approved state plan to define the scope of covered Medicaid benefits, as authorized by the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (DRA). Under the rule, states may offer coverage of the following benchmark or benchmark-equivalent benefit packages to certain Medicaid recipients: the standard Blue Cross/Blue Shield preferred provider option service benefit plan under the Federal Employees Health Benefit Plan; state employee coverage; coverage offered by the state’s largest commercial health maintenance organization; or coverage approved by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The rule is effective February 2, 2009. Note that CMS characterizes the rule as a codification of guidance CMS issued on March 31, 2006 to state Medicaid directors, and the agency points out that states have already begun implementing this provision in advance of this final rule.