On July 1, 2021, the Department of Justice (DOJ) released a memorandum signed by Attorney General Merrick Garland regarding the issuance and use of guidance documents. Addressed to the heads of all DOJ components, the memorandum rescinds two previous DOJ memoranda and outlines the principles governing the DOJ’s revised approach in evaluating guidance documents.

2017 Memorandum

On November 16, 2017, then Attorney General Jeff Sessions published a memorandum entitled “Prohibition on Improper Guidance Documents” (the “2017 Memorandum”). The 2017 Memorandum sought to address instances in which guidance documents published by the DOJ were being used to “effectively bind private parties without undergoing the [notice-and-comment] rulemaking process.” Under the 2017 Memorandum, Attorney General Sessions prohibited publication of guidance documents “that purport to create rights or obligations binding on persons or entities outside the Executive Branch (including state, local and tribal governments).”  The 2017 Memorandum directed the DOJ to also adhere to several principles in constructing and publishing guidance documents. These included avoiding the use of mandatory language, specifically noting that voluntary standard non-compliance would not result in enforcement action and including unambiguous statements that published guidance documents were not legally-binding final agency actions.

Brand Memo

Following the 2017 Memorandum, then Associate Attorney General Rachel Brand released a memorandum entitled “Limiting Use of Agency Guidance Documents In Affirmative Civil Enforcement Cases” (the “Brand Memo”). The Brand Memo built upon the publication principles outlined in the 2017 Memorandum and extended them to the DOJ’s legal actions, preventing DOJ lawyers from utilizing non-compliance with guidance documents as a basis for filing a civil lawsuit. While DOJ lawyers could still use guidance documents read by a party as evidence that such party had knowledge of a legal mandate, “that a party fails to comply with agency guidance [documents] expanding upon statutory or regulatory requirements does not mean that the party violated those underlying legal requirements.”Continue Reading DOJ revises approach to publication and enforcement of guidance documents

On May 18, 2021, in a statement issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ (HHS) Office of Inspector General, Acting U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of California, Phillip Talbert, and California Attorney General, Rob Bonta (the Statement), the health care industry was reminded of the prohibition against charging individuals for COVID-19

Effective January 14, 2021, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) implemented a final rule (the “Final Rule”) concerning the tax deductibility of settlement payments made to the government.  This rulemaking followed a legislative update to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (“IRC”), which was implemented as part of the 2017 federal tax overhaul and specifically included

Pennsylvania Attorney General Josh Shapiro announced on May 12, 2020, that his office is investigating several nursing homes in the Commonwealth for neglect of patients and residents: “We will hold nursing facilities and caretakers criminally accountable if they fail to properly provide care to our loved ones … we will not tolerate those who mistreat our seniors and break the law.” Shapiro has also launched a public portal for citizens to email reports of neglect in nursing home communities. As is the case in many states, nursing home patients make up the majority of the deaths associated with COVID-19 in Pennsylvania. Just over 2,611 nursing home residents and staff have died from COVID-19 in Pennsylvania, comprising nearly 70 percent of the 3,800 total deaths reported in the Commonwealth as of the date of the press release.

Attorney General Shapiro is not alone in his effort to take a closer look at nursing home facilities and caregivers, even while lobbying groups for health care providers and nursing homes push for broad immunity from coronavirus-related lawsuits. In late April, New York Attorney General Letitia James released a statement saying that her office’s Medicaid Fraud Control Unit continues to investigate allegations of abuse and neglect in nursing homes. James’ office similarly launched a nursing home abuse hotline for residents, families, and members of the public to report alleged complaints at the facilities. Specifically, Attorney General James is investigating a Queens adult care facility that allegedly failed to protect residents from COVID-19 and misled families about its spread. Residents of that same facility are now suing in federal court over similar allegations. State attorneys general are increasingly active on this issue and will be pursuing nursing homes and long-term care facilities through various angles including Medicaid fraud, consumer protection, and false advertising.Continue Reading Nursing homes face increased scrutiny by attorneys general during COVID-19

A top Department of Justice (DOJ) official has recently issued a much-anticipated memo explaining the factors DOJ will consider when deciding whether to dismiss FCA suits brought by relators in qui tam cases. Specifically, the memo by Michael Granston, Director of the Commercial Litigation Branch within the DOJ Fraud Section sets forth seven non-exhaustive factors

Today the Department of Justice published an interim final rule with request for comments that applies an inflation adjustment to civil monetary penalty (CMP) amounts assessed by the Department, as mandated by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015.  Notably, the new maximum CMP for False Claims Act (FCA) violations under 31 U.S.C. 3729(a) is

The Department of Justice’s “Yates Memo” sets forth regulatory principles, applicable to both civil and criminal investigations, to ensure that individuals are held accountable for corporate wrongdoing. While several U.S. Attorney Offices had been applying many of these principles already, the Yates Memo now establishes the principles expected to be followed by all U.S. Attorney

According to the latest Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control Program (HCFAC) Annual Report, federal health care fraud prevention and enforcement efforts resulted in the recovery of a record $4.3 billion in FY 2013, up from $4.2 billion in FY 2012. In announcing detailed enforcement achievements, the Administration cites new ACA authorities – including

The Department of Justice (DOJ) recently announced that it recovered $3.8 billion in settlements and judgments in civil False Claims Act cases in fiscal year (FY) 2013, including health care fraud recoveries totaling approximately $2.6 billion. The DOJ notes that about $1.8 billion in recoveries involved alleged false claims for drugs and medical devices

The Department of Justice recently announced that it secured a record $4.9 billion in settlements and judgments in civil fraud cases in FY 2012, including health care fraud recoveries totaling more than $3 billion. The Department notes that some of the largest recoveries during the year – representing nearly $2 billion — involved false

The Department of Justice (DOJ) has announced more than $3 billion in False Claims Act (FCA) recoveries in FY 2011, including $2.4 billion in recoveries involving federal health care program fraud. The pharmaceutical industry was the source of the largest recoveries — the DOJ reports almost $2.2 billion in civil claims against the pharmaceutical industry in

Today the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) released its long-awaited final rule to implement the Medicare Shared Savings Program as authorized by Section 3022 of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The Shared Savings Program is intended to encourage physicians, hospitals, and certain other types of providers and suppliers to form accountable care organizations (ACOs) to provide cost-effective, coordinated care to Medicare beneficiaries. Under the final rule, an ACO that meets established quality and performance standards and surpasses a minimum savings target will be able to share a percentage of savings (in addition to traditional fee-for-service payments under Medicare Parts A and B).
Continue Reading CMS Releases Final Medicare Shared Savings Program/ACO Rule